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MD5算法

时间:2019-10-08 07:12:40来源:IT技术作者:seo实验室小编阅读:61次「手机版」
 

md5算法

算法原理

md5算法简要的叙述可以为:MD5以512位分组来处理输入的信息,且每一分组又被划分为16个32位子分组,经过了一系列的处理后,算法的输出由四个32位分组组成,将这四个32位分组级联后将生成一个128位散列值。

1.填充

在MD5算法中,首先需要对信息进行填充,使其位长对512求余的结果等于448,并且填充必须进行,即使其位长对512求余的结果等于448。因此,信息的位长(Bits Length)将被扩展至N*512+448,N为一个非负整数,N可以是零。

填充的方法如下:

1) 在信息的后面填充一个1和无数个0,直到满足上面的条件时才停止用0对信息的填充。

2) 在这个结果后面附加一个以64位二进制表示的填充前信息长度(单位为Bit),如果二

进制表示的填充前信息长度超过64位,则取低64位。

经过这两步的处理,信息的位长=N*512+448+64=(N+1)*512,即长度恰好是512的整数倍。这样做的原因是为满足后面处理中对信息长度的要求。

2. 初始化变量

初始的128位值为初试链接变量,这些参数用于第一轮的运算,以大端字节序来表示,他们分别为: A=0x01234567,B=0x89ABCDEF,C=0xFEDCBA98,D=0x76543210。

(每一个变量给出的数值是高字节存于内存低地址,低字节存于内存高地址,即大端字节序。在程序中变量A、B、C、D的值分别为0x67452301,0xEFCDAB89,0x98BADCFE,0x10325476)

3. 处理分组数据

MD5算法原理没有看懂,先备注下!!!

4. 输出

最后的输出是a、b、c和d的级联。

5. 源码

MD5.h

/*
**********************************************************************
** md5.h -- Header file for implementation of MD5 **
** RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 message Digest Algorithm **
** Created: 2/17/90 RLR **
** Revised: 12/27/90 SRD,AJ,BSK,JT Reference C version **
** Revised (for MD5): RLR 4/27/91 **
** -- G modified to have y&~z instead of y&z **
** -- FF, GG, HH modified to add in last register done **
** -- Access pattern: round 2 works mod 5, round 3 works mod 3 **
** -- distinct additive constant for each step **
** -- round 4 added, working mod 7 **
**********************************************************************
*/

/*
**********************************************************************
** Copyright (C) 1990, RSA Data Security, Inc. All rights reserved. **
** **
** License to copy and use this software is granted provided that **
** it is identified as the "RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message **
** Digest Algorithm" in all material mentioning or referencing this **
** software or this function. **
** **
** License is also granted to make and use derivative works **
** provided that such works are identified as "derived from the RSA **
** Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message Digest Algorithm" in all **
** material mentioning or referencing the derived work. **
** **
** RSA Data Security, Inc. makes no representations concerning **
** either the merchantability of this software or the suitability **
** of this software for any particular purpose. It is provided "as **
** is" without express or implied warranty of any kind. **
** **
** These notices must be retained in any copies of any part of this **
** documentation and/or software. **
**********************************************************************
*/

#ifndef _MD5_H
#define _MD5_H

/* F, G and H are basic MD5 functions: selection, majority, parity */
#define	 F(x, y, z)		(((x) & (y)) | ((~x) & (z)))
#define	 G(x, y, z)		(((x) & (z)) | ((y) & (~z)))
#define	 H(x, y, z)		((x) ^ (y) ^ (z))
#define	 I(x, y, z)		((y) ^ ((x) | (~z)))

/* ROTATE_LEFT rotates x left n bits */
#define	 ROTATE_LEFT(x, n)	(((x) << (n)) | ((x) >> (32-(n))))

/* FF, GG, HH, and II transformations for rounds 1, 2, 3, and 4 */
/* Rotation is separate from addition to prevent recomputation */
#define FF(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) \
	{(a) += F ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)(ac); \
		(a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
		(a) += (b); \
	}

#define GG(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) \
	{(a) += G ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)(ac); \
		(a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
		(a) += (b); \
	}

#define HH(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) \
	{(a) += H ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)(ac); \
		(a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
		(a) += (b); \
	}

#define II(a, b, c, d, x, s, ac) \
	{(a) += I ((b), (c), (d)) + (x) + (UINT4)(ac); \
		(a) = ROTATE_LEFT ((a), (s)); \
		(a) += (b); \
	}

/* size of test block */
#define TEST_BLOCK_SIZE 1000

/* number of blocks to process */
#define TEST_BLOCKS 10000

/* number of test bytes = TEST_BLOCK_SIZE * TEST_BLOCKS */
static long TEST_BYTES = (long)TEST_BLOCK_SIZE * (long)TEST_BLOCKS;


/* typedef a 32 bit type */
typedef unsigned long int UINT4;


/* Data structure for MD5 (Message Digest) computation */
typedef struct {
	UINT4 i[2]; /* number of _bits_ handled mod 2^64 */
	UINT4 buf[4]; /* scratch buffer */
	unsigned char in[64]; /* input buffer */
	unsigned char digest[16]; /* actual digest after final call */
} MD5_CTX;


static unsigned char PADDING[64] = {
	0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
	0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
};


class CMD5
{
public:

	CMD5();
	~CMD5();
	
	int  MDFile(char *filename, unsigned char *outBuf);
	void MDString(char *inString, unsigned char *outBuf);
	void MDBuf(unsigned char *inBuf, unsigned int inBufLen, unsigned char *outBuf);

private:

	void Init(MD5_CTX *mdcontext);
	void Update(MD5_CTX *mdContext, unsigned char *inBuf, unsigned int inLen);
	void Final(MD5_CTX *mdContext);
	void MDprint(MD5_CTX *mdContext);
	
	/* -- include the following line if the md5.h header file is separate -- */
	/* #include "md5.h" */
	/* forward declaration */
	void Transform(UINT4 *buf, UINT4 *in);
	
	void MDFilter();
	void MDTimeTrial();

	void MDTestSuite();

};
#endif

MD5.cpp

/*
**********************************************************************
** End of md5.c **
******************************* (cut) ********************************
*/
/*
**********************************************************************
** md5driver.c -- sample routines to test **
** RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 message digest algorithm. **
** Created: 2/16/90 RLR **
** Updated: 1/91 SRD **
**********************************************************************
*/
/*
**********************************************************************
** Copyright (C) 1990, RSA Data Security, Inc. All rights reserved. **
** **
** RSA Data Security, Inc. makes no representations concerning **
** either the merchantability of this software or the suitability **
** of this software for any particular purpose. It is provided "as **
** is" without express or implied warranty of any kind. **
** **
** These notices must be retained in any copies of any part of this **
** documentation and/or software. **
**********************************************************************
*/
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
//#include <sys/types.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "md5.h"


CMD5::CMD5()
{
	
}

CMD5::~CMD5()
{
	
}

void CMD5::Init(MD5_CTX *mdContext)
{
	mdContext->i[0] = mdContext->i[1] = (UINT4)0;

	/* Load magic initialization constants.
	*/
	mdContext->buf[0] = (UINT4)0x67452301;
	mdContext->buf[1] = (UINT4)0xefcdab89;
	mdContext->buf[2] = (UINT4)0x98badcfe;
	mdContext->buf[3] = (UINT4)0x10325476;
}

void CMD5::Update(MD5_CTX *mdContext, unsigned char *inBuf, unsigned int inLen)
{
	UINT4 in[16];
	int mdi;
	unsigned int i, ii;

	/* compute number of bytes mod 64 */
	mdi = (int)((mdContext->i[0] >> 3) & 0x3F);

	/* update number of bits */
	if ((mdContext->i[0] + ((UINT4)inLen << 3)) < mdContext->i[0])
		mdContext->i[1]++;
	mdContext->i[0] += ((UINT4)inLen << 3);
	mdContext->i[1] += ((UINT4)inLen >> 29);

	while (inLen--) 
	{
		/* add new character to buffer, increment mdi */
		mdContext->in[mdi++] = *inBuf++;

		/* transform if necessary */
		if (mdi == 0x40) 
		{
			for (i = 0, ii = 0; i < 16; i++, ii += 4)
				in[i] = (((UINT4)mdContext->in[ii+3]) << 24) |
						(((UINT4)mdContext->in[ii+2]) << 16) |
						(((UINT4)mdContext->in[ii+1]) << 8) |
						((UINT4)mdContext->in[ii]);

			Transform(mdContext->buf, &in[0]);
			mdi = 0;
		}
	}
}

void CMD5::Final(MD5_CTX *mdContext)
{
	UINT4 in[16];
	int mdi;
	unsigned int i, ii;
	unsigned int padLen;

	/* save number of bits */
	in[14] = mdContext->i[0];
	in[15] = mdContext->i[1];

	/* compute number of bytes mod 64 */
	mdi = (int)((mdContext->i[0] >> 3) & 0x3F);

	/* pad out to 56 mod 64 */
	padLen = (mdi < 56) ? (56 - mdi) : (120 - mdi);
	Update (mdContext, PADDING, padLen);

	/* APPend length in bits and transform */
	for (i = 0, ii = 0; i < 14; i++, ii += 4)
		in[i] = (((UINT4)mdContext->in[ii+3]) << 24) |
				(((UINT4)mdContext->in[ii+2]) << 16) |
				(((UINT4)mdContext->in[ii+1]) << 8) |
				((UINT4)mdContext->in[ii]);

	Transform (mdContext->buf, in);

	/* store buffer in digest */
	for (i = 0, ii = 0; i < 4; i++, ii += 4) 
	{
		mdContext->digest[ii] = (unsigned char)(mdContext->buf[i] & 0xFF);
		mdContext->digest[ii+1] = (unsigned char)((mdContext->buf[i] >> 8) & 0xFF);
		mdContext->digest[ii+2] = (unsigned char)((mdContext->buf[i] >> 16) & 0xFF);
		mdContext->digest[ii+3] = (unsigned char)((mdContext->buf[i] >> 24) & 0xFF);
	}
}

void CMD5::MDPrint(MD5_CTX *mdContext)
{
	//int i;
	//for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
	//	printf ("%02x ", mdContext->digest[i]);
}


/* Basic MD5 step. Transform buf based on in.
*/
void CMD5::Transform(UINT4 *buf, UINT4 *in)
{
	UINT4 a = buf[0], b = buf[1], c = buf[2], d = buf[3];
	
	/* Round 1 */
	#define S11 7
	#define S12 12
	#define S13 17
	#define S14 22
	FF(a, b, c, d, in[ 0], S11, 3614090360); /* 1 */
	FF(d, a, b, c, in[ 1], S12, 3905402710); /* 2 */
	FF(c, d, a, b, in[ 2], S13, 606105819);  /* 3 */
	FF(b, c, d, a, in[ 3], S14, 3250441966); /* 4 */
	FF(a, b, c, d, in[ 4], S11, 4118548399); /* 5 */
	FF(d, a, b, c, in[ 5], S12, 1200080426); /* 6 */
	FF(c, d, a, b, in[ 6], S13, 2821735955); /* 7 */
	FF(b, c, d, a, in[ 7], S14, 4249261313); /* 8 */
	FF(a, b, c, d, in[ 8], S11, 1770035416); /* 9 */
	FF(d, a, b, c, in[ 9], S12, 2336552879); /* 10 */
	FF(c, d, a, b, in[10], S13, 4294925233); /* 11 */
	FF(b, c, d, a, in[11], S14, 2304563134); /* 12 */
	FF(a, b, c, d, in[12], S11, 1804603682); /* 13 */
	FF(d, a, b, c, in[13], S12, 4254626195); /* 14 */
	FF(c, d, a, b, in[14], S13, 2792965006); /* 15 */
	FF(b, c, d, a, in[15], S14, 1236535329); /* 16 */

	/* Round 2 */
	#define S21 5
	#define S22 9
	#define S23 14
	#define S24 20
	GG(a, b, c, d, in[ 1], S21, 4129170786); /* 17 */
	GG(d, a, b, c, in[ 6], S22, 3225465664); /* 18 */
	GG(c, d, a, b, in[11], S23, 643717713);  /* 19 */
	GG(b, c, d, a, in[ 0], S24, 3921069994); /* 20 */
	GG(a, b, c, d, in[ 5], S21, 3593408605); /* 21 */
	GG(d, a, b, c, in[10], S22, 38016083);   /* 22 */
	GG(c, d, a, b, in[15], S23, 3634488961); /* 23 */
	GG(b, c, d, a, in[ 4], S24, 3889429448); /* 24 */
	GG(a, b, c, d, in[ 9], S21, 568446438); /* 25 */
	GG(d, a, b, c, in[14], S22, 3275163606); /* 26 */
	GG(c, d, a, b, in[ 3], S23, 4107603335); /* 27 */
	GG(b, c, d, a, in[ 8], S24, 1163531501); /* 28 */
	GG(a, b, c, d, in[13], S21, 2850285829); /* 29 */
	GG(d, a, b, c, in[ 2], S22, 4243563512); /* 30 */
	GG(c, d, a, b, in[ 7], S23, 1735328473); /* 31 */
	GG(b, c, d, a, in[12], S24, 2368359562); /* 32 */

	/* Round 3 */
	#define S31 4
	#define S32 11
	#define S33 16
	#define S34 23
	HH(a, b, c, d, in[ 5], S31, 4294588738); /* 33 */
	HH(d, a, b, c, in[ 8], S32, 2272392833); /* 34 */
	HH(c, d, a, b, in[11], S33, 1839030562); /* 35 */
	HH(b, c, d, a, in[14], S34, 4259657740); /* 36 */
	HH(a, b, c, d, in[ 1], S31, 2763975236); /* 37 */
	HH(d, a, b, c, in[ 4], S32, 1272893353); /* 38 */
	HH(c, d, a, b, in[ 7], S33, 4139469664); /* 39 */
	HH(b, c, d, a, in[10], S34, 3200236656); /* 40 */
	HH(a, b, c, d, in[13], S31, 681279174);  /* 41 */
	HH(d, a, b, c, in[ 0], S32, 3936430074); /* 42 */
	HH(c, d, a, b, in[ 3], S33, 3572445317); /* 43 */
	HH(b, c, d, a, in[ 6], S34, 76029189);   /* 44 */
	HH(a, b, c, d, in[ 9], S31, 3654602809); /* 45 */
	HH(d, a, b, c, in[12], S32, 3873151461); /* 46 */
	HH(c, d, a, b, in[15], S33, 530742520);  /* 47 */
	HH(b, c, d, a, in[ 2], S34, 3299628645); /* 48 */

	/* Round 4 */
	#define S41 6
	#define S42 10
	#define S43 15
	#define S44 21
	II(a, b, c, d, in[ 0], S41, 4096336452); /* 49 */
	II(d, a, b, c, in[ 7], S42, 1126891415); /* 50 */
	II(c, d, a, b, in[14], S43, 2878612391); /* 51 */
	II(b, c, d, a, in[ 5], S44, 4237533241); /* 52 */
	II(a, b, c, d, in[12], S41, 1700485571); /* 53 */
	II(d, a, b, c, in[ 3], S42, 2399980690); /* 54 */
	II(c, d, a, b, in[10], S43, 4293915773); /* 55 */
	II(b, c, d, a, in[ 1], S44, 2240044497); /* 56 */
	II(a, b, c, d, in[ 8], S41, 1873313359); /* 57 */
	II(d, a, b, c, in[15], S42, 4264355552); /* 58 */
	II(c, d, a, b, in[ 6], S43, 2734768916); /* 59 */
	II(b, c, d, a, in[13], S44, 1309151649); /* 60 */
	II(a, b, c, d, in[ 4], S41, 4149444226); /* 61 */
	II(d, a, b, c, in[11], S42, 3174756917); /* 62 */
	II(c, d, a, b, in[ 2], S43, 718787259);  /* 63 */
	II(b, c, d, a, in[ 9], S44, 3951481745); /* 64 */

	buf[0] += a;
	buf[1] += b;
	buf[2] += c;
	buf[3] += d;
}

/* A time trial routine, to measure the speed of MD5.
measures wall time required to digest TEST_BLOCKS * TEST_BLOCK_SIZE
characters.
*/
void CMD5::MDTimeTrial()
{
	MD5_CTX mdContext;
	time_t endTime, startTime;
	unsigned char data[TEST_BLOCK_SIZE];
	unsigned int i;

	/* initialize test data */
	for (i = 0; i < TEST_BLOCK_SIZE; i++)
		data[i] = (unsigned char)(i & 0xFF);

	/* start timer */
	//printf("MD5 time trial. Processing %ld characters...\n", TEST_BYTES);
	time(&startTime);

	/* digest data in TEST_BLOCK_SIZE byte blocks */
	Init(&mdContext);
	for (i = TEST_BLOCKS; i > 0; i--)
		Update(&mdContext, data, TEST_BLOCK_SIZE);
	Final(&mdContext);

	/* stop timer, get time difference */
	time(&endTime);
	MDPrint(&mdContext);
	//printf(" is digest of test input.\n");
	//printf("Seconds to process test input: %ld\n", (long)(endTime-startTime));
	//printf("Characters processed per second: %ld\n", TEST_BYTES/(endTime-startTime));
}

/* Computes the message digest for string inString.
Prints out message digest, a space, the string (in quotes) and a
carriage return.
*/
void CMD5::MDString(char *inString, unsigned char *outBuf)
{
	MD5_CTX mdContext;
	unsigned int len = strlen(inString);
	Init(&mdContext);
	Update(&mdContext, (unsigned char *)inString, len);
	Final(&mdContext);
	MDPrint(&mdContext);

	for (int i=0; i<sizeof(mdContext.digest); i++)
	{
		outBuf[i] = mdContext.digest[i];
	}

	//printf(" inString: \"%s\" \n\n", inString);
}


/* Computes the message digest for a specified file.
Prints out message digest, a space, the file name, and a carriage
return.
*/
int CMD5::MDFile(char *filename, unsigned char *outBuf)
{
	FILE *inFile = fopen (filename, "rb");
	MD5_CTX mdContext;
	int bytes;
	unsigned char data[1024];

	if (inFile == NULL) 
	{
		//printf ("%s can't be opened.\n", filename);
		return -1;
	}

	Init(&mdContext);
	while ((bytes = fread (data, 1, 1024, inFile)) != 0)
		Update(&mdContext, data, bytes);
	Final(&mdContext);
	for (int i=0; i<sizeof(mdContext.digest); i++)
		outBuf[i] = mdContext.digest[i];

	//printf(" %s\n", filename);
	fclose(inFile);

	MDPrint(&mdContext);

	return 0;
}

void CMD5::MDBuf(unsigned char *inBuf, unsigned int inBufLen, unsigned char *outBuf)
{
	MD5_CTX mdContext;

	Init(&mdContext);
	Update(&mdContext, inBuf, inBufLen);
	Final(&mdContext);
	for (int i=0; i<sizeof(mdContext.digest); i++)
		outBuf[i] = mdContext.digest[i];

	MDPrint(&mdContext);
}

/* Writes the message digest of the data from stdin onto stdout,
followed by a carriage return.
*/
void CMD5::MDFilter()
{
	//MD5_CTX mdContext;
	//int bytes;
	//unsigned char data[16];

	//MD5Init(&mdContext);
	//while ((bytes = fread (data, 1, 16, stdin)) != 0)
	//	MD5Update(&mdContext, data, bytes);
	//MD5Final(&mdContext);
	//MDPrint(&mdContext);
	//printf("\n");
}

/* Runs a standard suite of test data.
*/
void CMD5::MDTestSuite()
{
	//char outString[35];
	//memset(outString, 0, sizeof(outString));
	//printf("MD5 test suite results:\n\n");
	//MDString("", outString);
	//MDString("a", outString);
	//char temp[5]= {0x31, 0x32, 0x33 ,0x34, 0};
	//MDString(temp, outString);
	//MDString("message digest", outString);
	//MDString("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", outString);
	//MDString("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789", outString);
	//MDString("1234567890123456789012345678901234567890\
	//	 1234567890123456789012345678901234567890", outString);

	// /* contents of file foo are "abc" */
	// MDFile ("foo");
}

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